Sunderban National Park

With a sprawling delta of approximately 10,000 sq. km between India and Bangladesh, Sunderbans is one of the most fascinating wildlife destinations in the world. Stretching from the River Hooghly in West Bengal to the River Baleswar in Bangladesh, this incredible region has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987. The Sundarbans National Park is situated in West Bengal, and is part of the Sundarbans on the Ganges Delta and adjacent to the Sundarban Reserve Forest in Bangladesh.

In the local language, " Sundarban " translates to "beautiful forest," a fitting name for this enchanting expanse. It is home to the largest mangrove forest in the world, featuring more than 78 different species of mangroves. Wildlife in Sunderbans National Park is both rich and unique, with the park famously known as the kingdom of the Royal Bengal Tigers, hosting over 400 tigers. It is also home to a variety of bird, reptile and invertebrate species, including the salt-water crocodile. The park's perfect ecological balance between saline waters, rivers, and forests makes it an exceptional spot for a wildlife jungle safari. Visiting Sundarbans offers travellers an unforgettable journey into one of nature's most mesmerizing landscapes.

History of the Sunderban National Park

  • 200-300 AD : Early settlements began to flourish in the Sundarbans region amidst the expansive mangrove forests.
  • Mughal Period : Large portions of the Sunderbans were leased to local inhabitants for cultivation and habitation.
  • Later Period : The region experienced invasions by Portuguese pirates and salt smugglers, leaving behind historical ruins, notably at Netidhopani, now a popular tourist spot.
  • 1973 : Post-independence conservation efforts intensified, and the Sunderbans was declared a Tiger Reserve under Project Tiger to protect the Royal Bengal Tiger.
  • 1977 : The area was officially recognized as a Wildlife Sanctuary, reflecting its ecological importance.
  • 4th May 1984 : The region was designated as Sundarbans National Park, marking a significant step in its conservation journey.
  • 1987 : UNESCO declared the park a World Heritage Site, acknowledging its unique biodiversity and global ecological value.

Quick Glance at Sunderban National Park

Location West Bengal, India
Established as National Park 1984
UNESCO Status Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987
Total Area 2584.89 sq km
Core Tiger Area 1699.62 sq km
Total Buffer Area 885.27 sq km
Best Time to Visit October to April
Famous for Royal Bengal Tigers, estuarine crocodiles, mangrove forests
Safari Types Boat Safari only (no jeep safaris)
Park Closed (Monsoon) June to September
Nearest Airport Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport, Kolkata (120 km)
Nearest Railway Station Canning Railway Station (48 km)

Flora & Fauna in Sunderban National Park

Sunderban National Park

Flora in Sunderban :

Sunderbans National Park boasts an extraordinary variety of flora, with around 64 distinct plant species thriving in its dense mangrove forests. These unique plants have adapted to survive in the park's brackish and saline waters, making it a paradise for botanists and nature lovers alike. Visitors exploring the flora and fauna in Sunderbans can encounter prominent species like the Sundari tree, Golpati, Genwa, Champa, Dhundul, and Hatal. Additionally, the region nurtures approximately 78 species of mangroves, vital for supporting marine life. These dense green canopies form an essential foundation for the delicate ecological balance of the wildlife in Sundarbans National Park.

Sunderban National Park
Sunderban National Park
Sunderban National Park

Best Time to Visit Sunderban

October to March is considered the best time to visit Sunderbans National Park, offering pleasant weather and excellent wildlife viewing opportunities. During these months, a Sundarbans wildlife safari becomes more rewarding, with higher chances of spotting majestic creatures like the Royal Bengal Tiger. The cool climate also makes exploring the dense mangrove forests a delightful experience.

  • Winter (November to February) : Winter is considered the most pleasant and ideal season to explore the Sunderbans. The temperature ranges between 10°C and 25°C, making it comfortable for boat safaris and outdoor activities. The cool, dry weather ensures better visibility and an enjoyable experience on the water. This is also the peak time for birdwatching, as migratory birds arrive in large numbers. The mangroves are lush, the air is crisp, and the chances of spotting wildlife, including the elusive Royal Bengal Tiger, increase due to clearer views along the riverbanks.
  • Summer (March to June) : Summer in the Sundarbans is hot and humid, with temperatures rising up to 40°C. While wildlife sightings are still possible, the heat can be intense, and long outdoor excursions may become uncomfortable. The mangrove landscape remains striking, but the harsh weather conditions make this season less popular among tourists. Visitors who do plan a summer trip should schedule safaris during early mornings or late afternoons and carry adequate sun protection and water.

Safari Types & Watch Towers in the Sunderban National Park

Sunderban National Park

Jungle safari in Sunderbans is conducted solely through boats, allowing visitors to explore the region's remote creeks and mangrove-lined waterways. Two main types of safari boats in Sundarbans are available - small boats and cruises.

  • Small Boat Safari : Ideal for a private wildlife jungle safari, small boats in Sunderbans National Park accommodate up to 4 people. These boats offer an intimate safari experience, though at a higher per-person cost. Available in both AC and non-AC options, they include meals as part of the package.

Safari Timings in Sunderban Tiger Reserve

Sunderban National Park

Jungle safari in Sunderbans is permitted only during daylight hours, with boat rides. As per forest regulations, no boats are allowed to enter the park after 6:30 PM. Visitors planning a Sundarbans wildlife safari should start early to make the most of their day exploring the mangroves and spotting exotic animals in Sundarbans.

Safari Timings - 8:30 AM to 4:00 PM

Major Attractions In and Around Sunderban National Park

The Sundarbans National Park is more than just a wildlife haven, it's a blend of scenic landscapes, sacred spots, and hidden trails. From iconic watchtowers to peaceful islands and ancient sites, these top tourist attractions in Sunderbans offer incredible opportunities to connect with nature, culture, and the untamed spirit of the region.

  • Kalash Island
  • Henry Island
  • Lothian Island Bird Sanctuary
  • Kapil Muni Temple
  • Piyali Island

Safari Booking Procedure & Tips

Procedure :

Decide Safari Duration

Choose between a half-day, full-day, or multi-day safari (up to 7 days).

Select Boat Type

  • Small Boat (4-seater) : Higher cost per head, more privacy
  • Big Boat/Cruise (40-50-seater) : Lower cost per head, suitable for groups
  • Both options come with AC/non-AC facilities.
Sunderban National Park

How to Reach Sunderban?

flight
By Air :

To begin your Sunderbans wildlife safari, fly into Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport in Kolkata, around 120 km from Godkhali Port, the starting point for boat safaris. From the airport, hire a taxi or cab for a 3-hour road journey to Godkhali, where your adventure in the mangrove wilderness begins.

train
By Train :

Travelers meaning to explore wildlife in Sunderbans National Park by train can arrive at Sealdah Railway Station, a major hub well-connected across India. From Sealdah, take a local train to Canning Station (1.5 hours), then continue by taxi or shared transport to Godkhali Port, your gateway to the jungle safari in Sundarbans.

bus
By Road :

Visiting Sunderbans by road is convenient via Kolkata. You can either travel by public transport to Canning, then onward to Godkhali, or opt for a private cab directly to Godkhali (approx. 3.5-4 hours). From this port, hop onto a boat to explore the Sundarbans National Park and its rich biodiversity.

There are few other entry points to the Sundarbans other than Godkhali if one is travelling via road from Kolkata.

Best Nearby Destinations to Visit

digha beach
Kolkata
Gangasagar

Your journey to Sunderbans National Park doesn't have to end with wildlife. Extend the adventure with visits to nearby gems like serene islands, spiritual hubs, and sun-kissed beaches. These tourist destinations near Sundarbans offer a perfect mix of nature, culture, and relaxation, making your trip even more memorable.

  • Haliday Island
  • Kolkata
  • Gangasagar
  • Belur Math
  • Digha Beach

Haliday Island

A hidden jewel near Sunderbans National Park, Haliday Island is a tranquil escape nestled in the mangroves. It's home to spotted deer, rare bird species, and pristine natural beauty. Ideal for nature lovers seeking peace, it's a lesser-known tourist attraction in Sundarbans that rewards visitors with serenity and raw wilderness.

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