Indian States
Jammu
& Kashmir
Cities
( Leh
)
LADAKH
is situated between 30 degree to 36 degree east latitude and
76 degree to 79 degree north longitude. The region of Ladakh
spread over to an area of 96,701 Sq.Kms and comprising a population
of 2 Lakhs habitants and consists of two districts,Leh and Kargil.
The region of Ladakh normally remains land locked between November
to June every year as Srinagar-Ladakh and Ladakh-Monali highways,which
connect Ladakh with the other parts of the country, remain closed
during this period because of snow and rigorous winter.Ladakh
is also the land of many lakes and springs. Among the springs,the
famous are the sulphar springs of Panamic (Nobra), Chumathang
and Puga of Changthang,which are famous for early curing of
joints/ rheumatic diseases.Many mineral springs are also found
in some remote parts of Ladakh. People of region use the spring
water as medicine to prevent and cure themselves from many diseases.The
important lakes which fall within the jurisdiction of Ladakh
are Pangong lake (150 Kms.long,4 Kms.wide situated at a height
of 14,000 ft.).Tsomoriri lake, (Tsokar means salty lake). Since
ancient times till the end of 1959 salt was being extricated
from this particular salty lake for human consumption.Ladakh
has two districts namely Leh and Kargil which stand in contrast
with each other in terms of geography and climate. The great
Himalaya mountain, lying to the south ,forms a barrier to monsoon
in this area.Due to this region Ladakh is an isolated cold desert
region. Altitude in Ladakh varies from place to place and is
the main factor affecting local climate. The winter temp.touches
as low as minus 30 degree(Leh & Kargil) and minus 60 degree
in (Drass) subzero temp.prevails from December to February throughout
Ladakh, whereas,zero degree temp.is experienced during rest
of winter months.This result in freezing of all conceivable
water resources. During summer the maximum temp.increases from
20 degree C to 38 degree C in July and August. The relative
humidity is low and ranges from 31 to 64 percent.Wind velocity
in the afternoon and nights is of high order resulting in heavy
soil errosion with dust storm and snow blizzards which make
life very difficult.Due to longer winters, the agriculture season
is short and spread over from April to September depending upon
the climate.The main river of Ladakh is Indus,which flows in
a north-west direction between Ladakh and Zanskar ranges.It
is joined by several major rivers like Zanskar,Suru and Shayok
before it reaches Pakistan.
Historical
Places and Monuments
The most attractive features of the landscape of Leh are
the Buddhist Gompas (monoasteries).The Gompas are situated on
the highest points of the mountain spurs or sprawl over cliffsides,located
in vicinity of villages and provide focus for the faith of Buddhists.The
famous religious places include:-
Hemis
Situated 40 Kms.from Leh,Hemis is the wealthiest,best known
and biggest gompa of Ladakh.The annual festival of the gompa is
held in summer in honour of Guru Padma Sambhav's birth anniversary.
It also has the largest thanka(scroll painting on silk or brocade)
in Ladakh which is unfurled once in 12 years.Hemis was built in
1630 A.D.during the reign of Sengge Namgyal and flourished under
the Namgyal dynasty.
Alchi
The gompa is situated on the banks of the Indus,70 Kms from
Leh and dates a thousand years back.The gompa os no longer an active
religious centre and is looked after by monks from the Likir monastery.
Spituk
The gompa stands prominently on the top of a hillock,8 Kms.from
Leh,and commands a panaoramic view of the Indus Valley for miles.Many
icons of Buddha and five thankas are found in 15th century monastery.There
is also a collection of ancient masks,antique arms,and an awe inspiring
image of Mahakal.
Phyang
The monastery is situated 17 Kms.from Leh on the Leh-Kargil
road.It was built by Tashi Namgyal in the later half of the 16th
century A.D.and looks like a place from a distance.The gompa belongs
to the Red Cap sect of the Buddhists. Hundreds of icons of Budha
are kept on wooden shelves.
Shey
15 Kms upstream from Leh.The palace is belived to have been
the seat of power of the pre-Tibetan kings.A 7.5 metre high copper
statue of Buddha,plated with gold,and the largest of its kind,is
installed in the palace.
Thikse
The Thikse monastery is spectacularly situated 19 Kms from
Leh.It is one of the largest and architecturally most impressive
gompas.The gompa has images,stupas and wall paintings of Buddha
which are exquisite.
Jama
Mashid
The historical mosque is situated in the heart of Leh town.It
was built in 1666-67 A.D.consequent to an agreement between the
Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and then ruler of Ladakh,Deldan Namgyal.
Leh
Palace
The palace is a distinguished monument and a historical building.The
nine- storeyed palace was built by the 17th century illustrious
ruler of Ladakh Sengge Namgyal.
Tourist
Places
Leh is having a airport which connects it to the rest of the
country. Besides this there is regular bus service from Srinagar
which operates during summer when the Zojila Pass remains open for
traffic. One can also get there in Taxis and Jeeps via The Srinagar-Leh
Highway or the Manali-Leh Highway. Leh offers a variety of accomodation
to suit almost every pocket or preference The areas of tourist interest
are varied and many. Some of them are as follows:
Cultural
Tourism
Visits to the major Buddhist Monastries and other cultural
or heritage sites are the principal tourist attractions of central
Ladakh and Zanaskar. Most of the region's principal Gompas are open
throughout the day and a caretaker Lama is available to show visitors
around. Some of the less visited establishments have special opening
hours , as in the case of Namgyal Tsemo, Shey Palace, and the Stok
Palace Museum.Most of the monstries charge a small enterance fee.
The monastries constitute the fountain head of Ladakh's Buddhist
religion and culture.
Fairs
and Festivals of Ladakh also attract a large number of Tourists.
Many of the annual festivals of Gumpas take place in winter as it
is a relatively idle time. The dance dramas take place in the court
yards of Gumpas and Lamas wearing colourful robes and startling
masks perform mimes representing various heads of the religion.
The biggest and the most famous monastic festivals is of Hemis which
falls in late June-July and is dedicated to Padam Sambhava. Other
festivals held in summer are of Lama-Yuru, in early July, Phiyang
in late July, Tak-Thok after Phiyang and Karsha in Zanskar after
Phiyang. Spituk, Stoke, Thiksey, Chemreay and Matho have their festivals
in winter.
Adventure
Tourism
Ladakh offers great scope for adventure activities amidst landscapes
of breathtaking beauty . The most popular and established among
these are trekking,mountaineering, and river rafting.
Trekking
Trekking includes short day long walks up and down mountain
slopes to visit isolated villages or monastic settlements or across
the ridge to enjoy landscape. Or long transmountain treks involving
weeks of walking and camping in the wilderness. The most popular
treks are:
Lamayuru
in the Indus Valley to Darcha in the Lahoul across Zanaskar takes
nearly 3 weeks.
The
10 day Markha valley trek and the 11 day Lamayuru-Padam trek and
Stok Kangri round trek arer the most popular among the numerous
options available.
Perhaps
the most exciting trek in the world is Hemis-Markha-Padum Trek for
13 days and this calls for elaborate arrangements.
Various
New Areas have also been opened in forms of circuits . The maximum
time allowed on these circuits is 7 days and foreign groups are
allowed to go only in groups and accompanied by a recognized tour
operator. The detailed information regarding going to these circuits
can be had from the offices of J & K Tourism located across
the country. These circuits are:
The
DROK-PA area circuit: Khaltase-Domkhar-Skurbuchan-Achinathang-Hanudo-Biama-Dah
and return.
The
Nubra Valley Circuits: Leh-Khardungla-Khalsar-Tirit-Tegar-Sumur-Panamik
and return. Leh-Khardungla-Khalsar-Deskit-Hundar and return.
The
Pangong Lake circuit : Leh-Karu-Changla-Durbuk-Tangse-Lukung-Spangmik
and return.
Tso-moriri
lake Circuits : Leh-Upshi-Debring-Puga-Tso-moriri-Korzok and return
, Leh-Upshi- Chumathang-Mahe-Puga-Tso- moriri- Korzok and return
Depending
upon the time and budget you can afford, ask the Tourist offices
at Leh, Kargil or Padum to design a trekking prgramme for you.
River
Rafting
A range of rafting options are available on the Indus and its
major tributaries. The best stretch for the professionally guided
runs in white water is on the Indus between Spituk and Saspol.Beyond
Saspol river becomes difficult. The most difficult and exciting
option for river running is on the Zanskar along its spectacular
course through the Gorge in the Zanskar mountains between Padam
and Nimo.
Mountain
Climbing
The area most frequented by tourists is the Nun-Kun Massif
in the great Himalayan range and is easily accesible from Kargil-Padum
road. he area nearest to Leh is the Stok-Khangri Massif in the Zanskar
mountains, south of Leh. North of Leh, across the Ladakh Range and
the Nubra Valley, lies the Karakoram range. The climbing season
extends from mid-May to mid-October, the ideal period being from
June to September
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